Abstract
This study investigates the socio-economic drivers of rural–urban migration in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), Nigeria, to understand the factors influencing migration decisions and their implications for sustainable urban development. Employing a descriptive survey design, the research collected data from 357 respondents using structured questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative responses were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings indicate that the primary drivers of migration include the search for employment (39.77%), better living conditions (17.65%), family reunification (15.69%), education (12.60%), and security concerns (10.64%). Migration patterns revealed an almost equal distribution between individuals moving alone and with their families, with 39.49% of respondents experiencing secondary migration within the city. The impact of migration on sustainable development was mixed: housing availability and waste management were rated negatively, while employment opportunities were slightly positive. The study further highlights perceived inefficiencies in local government interventions for effectively managing migration. The research concludes that both economic and social factors significantly influence rural–urban migration, necessitating integrated policies that address rural poverty, urban infrastructure, and employment creation. Strategic planning and inclusive policy interventions are essential to harness migration’s potential for sustainable development in AMAC.