Abstract
This study examines the gender dynamics in agricultural development, health outcomes, and decent work opportunities in rural Nigeria, with a particular focus on Adamawa State. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 355 respondents through structured questionnaires, interviews, and case studies. Quantitative analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and regression, while qualitative insights enriched the interpretation of results. Findings revealed that agricultural productivity significantly influenced decent work indicators, including income, wages, and working conditions, with agricultural yield (β = 0.426, p < 0.001) emerging as the most critical factor. However, access to credit, extension services, and modern inputs remained limited, constraining inclusive growth. Gender disparities were evident, as women faced restricted access to land, credit, and institutional support, despite their substantial role in agricultural labour. Environmental challenges, including droughts, floods, and conflicts, further undermined productivity and job security. The study concludes that while agricultural growth positively impacts decent work and rural welfare, achieving sustainable outcomes requires addressing gender inequality, improving institutional support, and strengthening climate resilience. It recommends integrated policies that promote gender equity, financial inclusion, and modernised farming systems to enhance productivity and create safer, fairer, and more sustainable rural employment opportunities in Nigeria.