Abstract
This study examines the role of institutional frameworks, policy interventions, and community engagement in reducing inequalities and promoting sustainable urban development in Nigeria, with Kano City as the case study. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 578 respondents through structured questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multiple regression, while qualitative data were thematically analysed. The findings revealed that institutional frameworks and participatory governance mechanisms significantly enhance urban equity and sustainability outcomes. Results from the regression analysis showed that community engagement, inequality reduction, and citizen participation jointly explained 55.1% of the variance in sustainable urban development, with community engagement emerging as the most influential factor (β = 0.412). The study also found that participatory approaches improve access to basic services, the distribution of infrastructure, transparency, and accountability in governance. However, inadequate institutional support and policy inconsistencies remain significant barriers to inclusive urban development. The study recommends that Nigerian urban policymakers strengthen institutional frameworks, harmonise policy interventions, and institutionalise community participation to achieve equitable and sustainable urban growth.